Wood Engineering

Permanent URI for this collectionhttps://etd.ftveti.edu.et/handle/123456789/144

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Investigation of the Anthropometric and Ergonomic Fitness of Classroom Chairs and Desks in Three Selected Primary Schools in Dire Dawa, Ethiopia
(2022) Zeyede Tekle
In the classroom, students spend the majority of their time seated in school chairs. However, enough consideration has not yet been given to the design of chairs or chairs and desks in three selected primary schools utilizing the anthropometric data of the users. The main purpose of this study was proposed and carried out to measure the body size of primary school students, identify the cause of student discomfort in classrooms, if any, and determine the optimal relationship between body size measurement and classroom chair and desks ergonomics, in order to ensure the health and learning performance of primary school students in Dire Dawa. Two hundred and ninety-three (293) students were sampled for this study. Various body dimensions, such as S, SH, SEH, SShH, TC, KH, PH, BPL,HW, EH, BKL and FAHL of the students, and their respective chairs and desks dimensions, such as seat height (SH), seat depth (SD), seat width (SW), desk height (DH), and seat to desk clearance (SDC) were measured using a standard measuring tape, human caliper, and zigzag rule. The collected data were computed using an SPSS statistical package and excel as necessary and analyzed using mean, maximum, and minimum. The allowable chairs and desks design was determined using the 5th, 50th, and 95th percentile. The results of the study showed a substantial level of mismatch between the anthropometric measures of students and the dimensions of the chairs and desks available to them for use in both age ranges. Therefore, it is clear that, the mean value and the percentiles of the anthropometric measurements of female students in both age categories are somewhat greater than those of male students except HW. This research was limited to primary school pupils aged 5 to 8 years, excluding those aged 9 to 12 years and beyond. As a result, it's critical to include the latter age group in future research. Furthermore, because of the reliance on several factors, this study needs to be replicated in other parts of Ethiopia in order to create full anthropometric data for each community, and these data should also be updated on a regular basis.
Modern Bamboo Sofa Chair Value Chain Analysis around Addis Ababa
(2022) Rukiya Seman
This paper examines the modern bamboo sofa value chain around Addis Ababa, focusing on the links and roles of key actors, the production process, and the challenges faced by the industry. Through a case study approach, the paper analyzes the production process in selected workshops and identifies key challenges hindering the growth of the bamboo sofa value chain. The research has used primary and secondary data and descriptive analysis to obtain the following facts; diverse actors have been participated directly or indirectly in the chain. Directly input suppliers, producers, traders, consumers and indirectly actors are ministry of trade and investment are involved. The actors involved to bring bamboo sofa chair product to the final stage used several inputs such as bamboo culm producers, local traders, and wholesalers, manufacturers, and consumers. Commonly produced bamboo sofas in the selected enterprises are single seater sofa (55cm by 60cm seat area) and double seater sofa (69cm by 110cm seat area). The study revealed that, at study place the products are consumed by hotels, recreational places and individuals. The volume of production of bamboo sofa (both single and double seater) was about 620 pieces in the year 2016 E.C from which about 520 pieces were sold. The average total production cost incurred for raw material, labor, manufacturing over head and administrative issues is Birr 2060, 412, 309 and 4078, 815.6, 611.7 for single, and double seater bamboo sofa chair respectively. The manufactures received in average profit of Birr 3119 and 5295 form single, and double seater bamboo sofa chair respectively. The study revealed that the modern bamboo sofa chair industry around Addis Ababa faces issues related to sourcing sustainable bamboo, manufacturing quality products, and lack of demand markets efficiently. Based on the findings, the paper recommends the way that could enhance the sustainability and competitiveness of the industry. This study contributes to the existing literature by offering insights into the value chain of modern bamboo furniture, providing recommendations for industry stakeholders, and highlighting the theoretical significance of applying value chain analysis in the context of sustainable modern bamboo sofa production.