Electrical Electronics

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Design of Optimal FOPID Controller for Unstable Magnetic Levitation System Using PSO and ACO Techniques
(2022) Misganew Meshesha
The main goal of the proposed fractional order PID controller optimized by particle swarm and ant colony optimization algorithms is to control the ferromagnetic ball position to track the reference position signal by minimizing the integral time absolute error of the levitated object. In addition to this, the designed controller improves the response characteristics of the system like overshoot, rise time, settling time, peak response, and steady state error. To stabilize an unstable maglev system, the designed compensator parameters are determined by the Routh Hurwitz stability criterion. To improve the closed loop performance of the designed FOPID controller, the system controlled by the proposed PSO-FOPID controller results a minimized percentage overshoot, settling time, peak response, rise time and steady state error from (5.851% to 2.577%), (18.898ms to 4.034ms), (1.063cm to 1.023cm), (5.925sec to 816.434micro sec) and (0.0001 to 0) as compared to FOPID controller. Finally, for improved position control and stabilization of magnetic levitation system, ACO optimized FOPID controller is designed. Furthermore, a comparison between MATLAB\Simulink simulation results of the magnetic levitation system controlled by FOPID, PSO optimized FOPID and ACO optimized FOPID controllers are made to check the performance of the designed controllers for magnetic levitation system. The FOPID controller parameters are more optimized by ant colony optimization algorithm; magnetic levitation system has good performance when it is controlled by ACO optimized FOPID controller. An ant colony optimization based fractional order PID controller gives improved overshoot, peak response, and settling time from (2.577% to 0.223%), (1.023cm to 1.003cm), (4.034msec to 1.472msec) than PSO optimized fractional PID controller.
Tuning of Setpoint Weighted PI Controller for the Concentration Control in CSTR with Non-Ideal Mixing
(2022) Mohammed Ayele
PID controllers are still the industry standard in control literature, despite considerable advancements in sophisticated process control systems like sliding mode control, internal model control, and model predictive control (MPC).The following are the main advantages of PID controllers over sophisticated control techniques. This means that it: (i) best-in-class and reliable performance for a range of processes; (ii) allows online/offline tweaking and retuning depending on the process under control's performance requirements. Real-time chemical process loops, such as those in continuous stirred tank reactors (CSTR), biochemical reactors, spherical tank systems, and conical tank systems, are typically nonlinear in nature.
Improving the voltage sag and voltage swell of power distribution with the integration of ultra-capacitor and dynamic voltage restorer using RBF network
(2022) Mahider Maseresha
Power Quality (PQ) problem is an occurrence manifested as a nonstandard voltage, current or frequency that results in a failure of end use equipment’s. The voltage sag and swell are the most frequent PQ problems that mainly occur in the distribution systems that causes for frequent tripping of circuit breaker, failure of drive systems, shutdown for domestic and industrial equipment. The Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) connected in series has magnificent dynamic capabilities and is a flexible solution for PQ problems. Ultra Capacitors/UCAP has ideal characteristics such as high power and low energy density essential for improving the voltage sag and swell. In this thesis, voltage sag and voltage swell problem are improved by using the method of integration of Ultra Capacitor and Dynamic Voltage Restorer device and Radial Basis Function network. Here, UCAP is used as energy storage as it provides excessive power in a short time interval. Integrated DVR into Ultra Capacitor via bidirectional DC-DC converter which supports in presenting a rigid dc-link voltage and helps in compensating temporary voltage sag and voltage swell. The integrated UCAP-DVR is implemented at low voltage side of distribution transformer. RBF Controller was used in DVR for power quality enhancement. The simulation results have been carried out by MATLAB/Simulink. In the proposed system the voltage sag is compensated from 0.304 p. u to 1p.u and the voltage swell is compensated from 1.125p.u to 1p.u.
Collision Avoidance Car Braking Neuro Fuzzy Controller
(2022) Girma Legese Beti
This thesis deals with a Neuro-Fuzzy Controller (NFC) for collision avoidance a car braking system. Collision avoidance is a major problem of the world today, with an increasing number of individuals causing the deaths and properly damage due to poor car braking control mechanisms.A mathematical and Matlab/Simulink model of the braking system's components has been constructed using a quarter-car model. On the basis of input factors such as slip, road condition, coefficient of friction, and wheel acceleration, two Neuro-Fuzzy Controllers (NFC) have been used to control various parameters, such as optimal slip and brake pedal power. Analysis has been done on the nature of the slip curve over the entire braking period with and without NFCs.Analysis has been done on the type of curve including wheel velocity and vehicle velocity as well as the time required to arrive at the stopping distance with and without NFCs.
Pitch angle control of fixed wing airplane autopilot using artificial neural networks based model reference adaptive control
(2022) Bantalem Dagne
This thesis investigates the advantages of an adaptive control based on the artificial neural network for the control of pitch angle of fixed-wing airplane autopilot systems. Flight control of a fixed-wing airplane is not suitable to work on due to unstable and time-varying conditions. Therefore, Lyapunov’s stability analysis in a direct model reference based on artificial neural networks strategy has been applied, for the control of a fixed-wing airplane. The autopilot is one of the vital parts of flying airplanes which establishes stability and accomplishment of the desired flight control
Technical And Vocational Training Institute (Tvti) Faculty Of Electrical And Electronics Technology And Information And Communication Technology (Department Of Electrical And Electronics
(2022) Jemal Habib
Time delayed and unstable processes are frequently encountered in industrial and chemical plants, such as heating boilers, liquid storing tanks and batch chemical reactors. Many different approaches have been developed to control such processes. A number of systems utilize proportional–integral (PI) or proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller methods based on the classical unity feedback closed loop structure for time delayed unstable processes. But those are sometimes not acceptable in cases unstable system. To avoid this problem, the form of PSO (particle swarm optimization) and PSOGSA (particle swarm gravities) Algorithm based I-PD controller is applied for the control of Time delayed unstable processes. In this work the Integral Square Time Error (ISTE) is considered as an objective function for the optimization problem. The performance of PSO and PSOGSA tuned I-PD controller is compared with conventional I PD controller for the control of three different time delayed unstable processes (model)
Instability and a reduction in control performance are mostly caused by faults and failures in components of the system. In order to increase the control system's tolerance against faults and failures, fault-tolerant control (FTC) techniques have been developed recently. This thesis investigates an active FTC for rigid spacecraft attitude control subject to transducer faults, parameter uncertainty and external disturbance. The designed fault detection observer is capable of detecting the transducer fault without false alarms brought on by outside disturbances, model uncertainties, and the designed fault estimation is to estimate the overall effects of the fault and system states. Introduces an auxiliary variable that uses an indirect fault identification approach in order to estimate accurately and reduce the effect of faults or failures.
(2022) Elias Ashebo
Wind energy is a none convectional energy source that is now the subject of much research. Variable wind turbines are the most widely used type of wind turbine system because they are the most effective and provide more control across a broad speed variety. Wind behavior determines the manner in which a wind turbine converts energy. The main advantage of renewable energy is to avoid air pollution and to maximize society use of energy. Wind energy and wind speed controller very important to improve energy performance by using fuzzy logic based adaptive controller. Pitch angle control phenomenon assists in optimizing at lower wind speeds and stabilizing output power at higher wind speeds. It also assists in running the system with greater efficiency and dependability under turbulent weather situations or temperature change of high flow air.
Design of an Active Fault-Tolerant Control System with transducer Faults for attitude control of rigid Spacecraft
(2022) Weldegebriel Birhanu
Instability and a reduction in control performance are mostly caused by faults and failures in components of the system. In order to increase the control system's tolerance against faults and failures, fault-tolerant control (FTC) techniques have been developed recently. This thesis investigates an active FTC for rigid spacecraft attitude control subject to transducer faults, parameter uncertainty and external disturbance. The designed fault detection observer is capable of detecting the transducer fault without false alarms brought on by outside disturbances, model uncertainties, and the designed fault estimation is to estimate the overall effects of the fault and system states. Introduces an auxiliary variable that uses an indirect fault identification approach in order to estimate accurately and reduce the effect of faults or failures.
Modeling and control of the pitch angle of wind turbine using fuzzy logic based -adaptive controller
(2022) Elias Ashebo
Wind energy is a none convectional energy source that is now the subject of much research. Variable wind turbines are the most widely used type of wind turbine system because they are the most effective and provide more control across a broad speed variety. Wind behavior determines the manner in which a wind turbine converts energy. The main advantage of renewable energy is to avoid air pollution and to maximize society use of energy. Wind energy and wind speed controller very important to improve energy performance by using fuzzy logic based adaptive controller. Pitch angle control phenomenon assists in optimizing at lower wind speeds and stabilizing output power at higher wind speeds. It also assists in running the system with greater efficiency and dependability under turbulent weather situations or temperature change of high flow air.
A Case Study on Hybrid Power Optimization Using Fuzzy pid Controller for Rail Trains (Dire Dewa to Addis Abeba)
(2022) Zekarias Sisay
Comparison of Stabilizing controller and Sliding Mode Controller for Semi-active Suspension Systems
(2022) Tsehayneh Alemu Zeleke
Design And Analysis Of Fuzzy-Based Controller For The Hybrid Power System In Smart Grid
(2022) Wubatu Abate
Field Oriented Control based Speed Control of Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor using Higher Order Sliding Mode Controller
(2022) Tola Negesa Mergo
In a range of industrial applications, permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) have lately gained popularity in high-performance variable-speed drives. The great efficiency, compactness, high torque to inertia ratio, quick dynamic response, control, and maintenance free operation of the PMSM are some of its many qualities. A PMSM's dynamic model is highly nonlinear due to the connection in between electrical values and the motor speed. Variable voltage and variable frequency operation must be carried out to achieve high performance dynamic on PMSM both actual location within the rotor. To do this, stator current and rotational speed must be measured mechanically and fed back to the controllers. Numerous loading scenarios will be taken into account in the performance study
Design and analysis the performance of PSO based Fuzzy-PID controller for the control of Load frequency and voltage of synchronous generator system
(2022) Yidnekachew Abebe Busho
Real power changes affect the signal's frequency most, while relative power is more susceptible to voltage magnitude changes. Changing a system's load affects its voltage and frequency. This thesis combines research on Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) and Automatic Generation Control (AGC) systems to manage real and reactive power and maintain a system steady state. Load frequency and voltage must be easily managed in the power system. It is challenging to keep them within the allowed limit because of unforeseen load changes. As a result, some control action must be required for this automatic generation control to manage the load frequency and voltage. Automatic generation control balances system generation with load and losses
Tuning of improved form of PID controller for time delayed unstable processes using PSO and PSOGSA optimization algorithm
(2022) Jemal Habib
Time delayed and unstable processes are frequently encountered in industrial and chemical plants, such as heating boilers, liquid storing tanks and batch chemical reactors. Many different approaches have been developed to control such processes. A number of systems utilize proportional–integral (PI) or proportional–integral–derivative (PID) controller methods based on the classical unity feedback closed loop structure for time delayed unstable processes. But those are sometimes not acceptable in cases unstable system. To avoid this problem, the form of PSO (particle swarm optimization) and PSOGSA (particle swarm gravities) Algorithm based I-PD controller is applied for the control of Time delayed unstable processes. In this work the Integral Square Time Error (ISTE) is considered as an objective function for the optimization problem.
Simulation of Motion Control Differential Drive Mobile Robots Using Global Terminal Sliding Mode Controller.
(2022) Bahiru Befekadu
The primary goal of this study was to model and design a global fast terminal sliding mode control with quick reaching strategy for a two-wheeled mobile robots, specifically for differential drive mobile robot. In this thesis, an approach of dynamics modeling of DDMR using Langrage and GFTSMCQR trajectory tracking of DDMR is proposed. The proposed controller is a cascaded system such that designed to improve the dynamic response of the system i.e. fast convergence and high precision control system, asymptotical convergence, and chattering phenomena using GFTSMCQR. To render an asymptotical merging of the response to desired states and decrease the chattering in a traditional SMC system, a quick reaching law is proposed for DDMR, which makes the DDMR system have a fast approaching rate without chattering due switching functions. Moreover, an improved GFT sliding surface is proposed for the DDMR, makes DDMR translational and rotational system to attain equilibrium points in a finite time along the GFT sliding surface with an increased approaching rate and high precision control system.
Design And Analysis Of Bio-Inspired Control Techniques For Energy Flow In A Smart Grid
(2022) Bereket Getahun
The smart grid concept is critical in order to use renewable energy efficiently, which necessitates the integration of renewable energy sources. Rising electricity demand has increased efforts to generate and meet rising demand. As a result, suppliers attempted to reduce consumption with the help of users. Requests to move unnecessary loads outside of peak hours use other generators to supply the grid, and provide incentives to users have all had a significant impact. Automated Home Energy Management System use load scheduling techniques to control house appliances in response to Demand Responce signals. This thesis introduces HEMS, which automatically schedules appliances throughout the house to save money. Thermal loads are prioritized by controllers because they have the greatest impact on the electricity bill. They do, however, take into account many factors that similar models do not, such as the physical properties of the room/medium, the outside temperatures, the comfort levels of the users, and the occupancy of the house.
Improving the voltage sag and voltage swell of power distribution with the integration of ultra-capacitor and dynamic voltage restorer using RBF network
(2022) Mahider Maseresha
Power Quality (PQ) problem is an occurrence manifested as a nonstandard voltage, current or frequency that results in a failure of end use equipment’s. The voltage sag and swell are the most frequent PQ problems that mainly occur in the distribution systems that causes for frequent tripping of circuit breaker, failure of drive systems, shutdown for domestic and industrial equipment. The Dynamic Voltage Restorer (DVR) connected in series has magnificent dynamic capabilities and is a flexible solution for PQ problems. Ultra Capacitors/UCAP has ideal characteristics such as high power and low energy density essential for improving the voltage sag and swell. In this thesis, voltage sag and voltage swell problem are improved by using the method of integration of Ultra Capacitor and Dynamic Voltage Restorer device and Radial Basis Function network.
Voltage Control Of DC-DC Buck Convertor Using Super-Twisting Sliding Mode Control
(2022) Ali Workineh Beyene
Non-linear DC-DC converters are employed in any case where it is necessary to stabilize a supplied DC voltage to a specific value. This converter output voltage alone typically oscillates, has significant overshoot, and takes a long time to stabilize. Additionally, when the supply voltage and load vary, it cannot provide the desired output voltage. Numerous controllers are needed to manage this issue and achieve continuous, stable output voltage and quick reaction. Due to their simplicity, FOPID controllers have typically been used with convertors to get the desired output voltage. However,the use of FOPID controllers in non linear systems does not satisfactory. In order to improve system efficiency, non-linear controls are necessary. In this study to provide quick and reliable buck converter efficiency, a super twisting sliding mode controller based on the super-twisting algorithm has been developed
Induction motor control for a long-range drive of an Electric Vehicle with three single-phase H-bridge inverters by using PI controller
(2022) Alemu Aragaw Kasahun
This thesis is concerned with the control of an induction motor for an Electric Vehicle (EV) with three single-phase H-bridge inverters. Nowadays the emission of carbon into the environment is a worldwide concern. In the industrial automobile process, the service of batteries for long-distance driving is always a challenge in the electric vehicle industry. This is due to the circulation of current in parallel configured batteries module. To tackle this problem three single-phase dc-link is proposed to supply the induction motor through the current controlled converter. Therefore, 21 battery cells are configured in series to achieve the dc-link voltage and 50 number of modules are configured to satisfy the current rating of the motor.