Electrical Electronics

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A Case Study on Hybrid Power Optimization Using Fuzzy pid Controller for Rail Trains (Dire Dewa to Addis Abeba)
(2022) Zekarias Sisay
Application Of Fuzzy Logic Controller For Maximum Power Tracking Of Pv Power System Under Partial Shade Condition
(2022) Getu Ayele
In this thesis work, the fuzzy logic controller is used to track the maximum power of a photovoltaic system when it is partially shaded. One of the most important tasks of the MPPT algorithm is to operate the PV system at or near Maximum Power Point. Many methodologies have been put forth; however, the traditional methods of perturb and observe and incremental conductance are the most popular due to their simplicity. However, some of the disadvantages include failure to monitor the global peak in conditions of partial shadow, steady-state oscillation, and incorrect perturbation direction for rapid climatic change. In this work, the performance of the fuzzy logic control strategy is compared with the classical technique. From the simulation results, it can be concluded that the fuzzy logic controller is outperformed with reduced steady-state error, quick dynamic performance, and precise tracking of the GMPP.
Assessment of Milk Quality and Quantity around Bule Hora Town
(2022) Yednekachew Tesema Dube
Quality is one of the for measurements of one thing or process, we must follow the standards or procedures to identify the quality of any measurement. Milk quality depends on worldwide quality standards. The technique must be standardized internationally. So that in this paper, the quality and quantity of milk are identified depending on the standard and the production level of the milk source. In the selected area (BuleHora), milk production is processed or produced throughout the year. The produced milk is used for household consumption, and there it is used for selling to gain income from production. In the process of production and selling, there are gaps in terms of quality; for that matter, these paper or research is trying to show how the quality and quantity of milk is identified during implementation and also trying to reduce the spoilage level of milk around the production area to consumers in the stud area.
Collision Avoidance Car Braking Neuro Fuzzy Controller
(2022) Girma Legese Beti
This thesis deals with a Neuro-Fuzzy Controller (NFC) for collision avoidance a car braking system. Collision avoidance is a major problem of the world today, with an increasing number of individuals causing the deaths and properly damage due to poor car braking control mechanisms.A mathematical and Matlab/Simulink model of the braking system's components has been constructed using a quarter-car model. On the basis of input factors such as slip, road condition, coefficient of friction, and wheel acceleration, two Neuro-Fuzzy Controllers (NFC) have been used to control various parameters, such as optimal slip and brake pedal power. Analysis has been done on the nature of the slip curve over the entire braking period with and without NFCs.Analysis has been done on the type of curve including wheel velocity and vehicle velocity as well as the time required to arrive at the stopping distance with and without NFCs.
Comparison of Stabilizing controller and Sliding Mode Controller for Semi-active Suspension Systems
(2022) Tsehayneh Alemu Zeleke
Design And Analysis Of Bio-Inspired Control Techniques For Energy Flow In A Smart Grid
(2022) Bereket Getahun
The smart grid concept is critical in order to use renewable energy efficiently, which necessitates the integration of renewable energy sources. Rising electricity demand has increased efforts to generate and meet rising demand. As a result, suppliers attempted to reduce consumption with the help of users. Requests to move unnecessary loads outside of peak hours use other generators to supply the grid, and provide incentives to users have all had a significant impact. Automated Home Energy Management System use load scheduling techniques to control house appliances in response to Demand Responce signals. This thesis introduces HEMS, which automatically schedules appliances throughout the house to save money. Thermal loads are prioritized by controllers because they have the greatest impact on the electricity bill. They do, however, take into account many factors that similar models do not, such as the physical properties of the room/medium, the outside temperatures, the comfort levels of the users, and the occupancy of the house.
Design And Analysis Of Fuzzy-Based Controller For The Hybrid Power System In Smart Grid
(2022) Wubatu Abate
Design And Analysis Of Proportional-Resonant Controller With Thyristor Controlled Switched Capacitor For Mitigation Of Harmonic Distortion In Three-Phase System
(2023) Getachew Lerebo
The quality of electrical power has been a growing source of concern for both electric providers and end customers. It serves as a general term for a variety of distinct types of grid disruptions. In this paper design and analysis of a proportional-resonant controller with thyristor controlled switched capacitor for mitigation of harmonic distortion and style procedure for a digital Proportional-Resonant (PR) current controller mechanism is to boost power quality by reducing total harmonic distortion (THD) in three-phase system voltage source inverter is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. The planning process provides a scientific explanation of how to calculate the proportional and resonant gains in addition to the coefficients for the digital resonant route
Design And Analysis Of Proportional-Resonant Controller With Thyristor Controlled Switched Capacitor For Mitigation Of Harmonic Distortion In Three-Phase System
(2022) Enatnesh Asrat
The quality of electrical power has been a growing source of concern for both electric providers and end customers. It serves as a general term for a variety of distinct types of grid disruptions. In this paper design and analysis of a proportional-resonant controller with thyristor controlled switched capacitor for mitigation of harmonic distortion and style procedure for a digital Proportional-Resonant (PR) current controller mechanism is to boost power quality by reducing total harmonic distortion (THD) in three-phase system voltage source inverter is implemented in MATLAB/Simulink. The planning process provides a scientific explanation of how to calculate the proportional and resonant gains in addition to the coefficients for the digital resonant route
Design and analysis the performance of PSO based Fuzzy-PID controller for the control of Load frequency and voltage of synchronous generator system
(2022) Yidnekachew Abebe Busho
Real power changes affect the signal's frequency most, while relative power is more susceptible to voltage magnitude changes. Changing a system's load affects its voltage and frequency. This thesis combines research on Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR) and Automatic Generation Control (AGC) systems to manage real and reactive power and maintain a system steady state. Load frequency and voltage must be easily managed in the power system. It is challenging to keep them within the allowed limit because of unforeseen load changes. As a result, some control action must be required for this automatic generation control to manage the load frequency and voltage. Automatic generation control balances system generation with load and losses
Design and Applications Of Massive Mimo Antenna With Metasurface For 5g Wireless Communications System
(2026) Abinet Oche
The increasing demands for network expansion require Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology which needs Multiple-Input Multiple-Output (MIMO) technology that can deploy extensive antenna systems. The study investigated the complete characteristics of a large MIMO antenna together with its adaptable Meta surface which supports innovative 5G wireless communication technology. The proposed design uses Meta materials to achieve electromagnetic control which solves three major problems such as mutual coupling, bandwidth constraints, and ineffective beam formation that affect standard MIMO systems. A trapezoidal patch antenna array was developed and optimized to function in the sub-6 GHz frequency range specifically at 3.5 GHz which serves as a vital 5G access network frequency. The Meta surface augmented design achieves significant performance improvements over traditional patch arrays in three key areas design delivers notable gains in isolation, directivity, and gain, which full wave simulations demonstrate through comprehensive testing.
Design and Performance Enhancement of Massive MIMO PIFA Arrays for 5G Wireless Communication Systems
(2026) Mesfin Berhanu
The rapid deployment of fifth-generation (5G) wireless communication systems has increased the demand for small-size, high-gain, and high-directivity antennas that can operate efficiently at millimeter wave frequencies. This thesis presents the design, simulation, and performance of single and massive MIMO Planar Inverted-F Antenna (PIFA) configurations with a resonant frequency of 28 GHz by using High Frequency Structural Simulator (ANSYS HFSS) software. Starting from a single PIFA element, the work systematically explores 1x2, 4x4, and 4x5 PIFA MIMO arrays in order to quantify the effect of array scaling on impedance matching, bandwidth, gain, directivity, and radiation behavior.
Design and Performance Optimization of Titanium Dioxide Coated Nanostructured Optical Fibers for 5G Wireless Communication Systems
(2026) Birhanu Getinet
The 5G wireless communication systems demands optical fibers that can carry large amounts of data with low delay and stable performance, however, conventional optical fibers have limitations in their materials and structural design. Therefore, improving the performance of optical fibers has become an important area of research. This study examines the use of titanium dioxide (TiO₂)-coated nanostructured optical fibers to enhance fiber performance for 5G applications. Titanium dioxide was used for its high refractive index, good chemical stability and low optical loss. The coating was applied to photonic crystal fibers and tapered nanostructured fibers to improve light confinement, reduce signal loss and control dispersion. The behavior of the proposed fiber structures is analyzed through numerical simulations based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) and the Beam Propagation Method (BPM), and changes in coating thickness and fiber geometry are studied to understand their effect on key parameters such as transmission efficiency, bandwidth, bit error rate (BER) and receiver sensitivity. The findings show that applying a TiO₂ coating significantly improve fiber performance through reducing optical loss by up to 30%, and improving bandwidth and signal stability. In addition, the study indicates that these fiber designs can be introduced into existing 5G network system without major modifications. The study found that TiO₂-coated nanostructured optical fibers provide a practical and effective approach for supporting future high-speed wireless communication networks.
Design Of Active Control System Using Aco Based Pid Controller For Civil Structure Under Seismic Excitation.
(2023) Getachew Lerebo
The point of this research work is to develop structural control under seismic excitation. The background of this control mechanism is discussed in introduction part. In the second part, the reviews of literatures are discussed with their limitation and the third part includes the modeling of the civil building (2floor) structure to control, active control system with feedback mechanism has been developed. This feedback mechanism, PID controller with active mass damper is discussed with their designed specification and modeling. Active mass damper system and PID controller were designed for mitigating vibrations along the civil structure due to wind and earthquake. ACO and PSO algorithm are developed for tuning PID parameters. ACO based PID control mechanism has better performance and fast response. The sensor with dual properties has developed for vibration motion of the structure, this sensor is called piezoelectric sensor. Which can work with inverse operation and direct operation, in this thesis work direct operation or sensor operation was considered to sense vibration of the structure under earthquake. And 0.085ac voltage was produced. In spite of the ac output produced by piezoelectric element, rectifier is placed at the output side of the piezo element to convert ac to dc. And produced Dc voltage is low; boost converter is applied to step up this voltage and produces 11.18 Vdc. Dc motor as actuator was designed and produced mechanical force to apply in to active mass damper which is modelled in side of the civil structure. Actuator force produced is 1.9 ∗ 10−3N and disturbance force is −2.7 ∗ 10−5N
Design of an Active Fault-Tolerant Control System with transducer Faults for attitude control of rigid Spacecraft
(2022) Weldegebriel Birhanu
Instability and a reduction in control performance are mostly caused by faults and failures in components of the system. In order to increase the control system's tolerance against faults and failures, fault-tolerant control (FTC) techniques have been developed recently. This thesis investigates an active FTC for rigid spacecraft attitude control subject to transducer faults, parameter uncertainty and external disturbance. The designed fault detection observer is capable of detecting the transducer fault without false alarms brought on by outside disturbances, model uncertainties, and the designed fault estimation is to estimate the overall effects of the fault and system states. Introduces an auxiliary variable that uses an indirect fault identification approach in order to estimate accurately and reduce the effect of faults or failures.
Design of an Improved PID Controller for Antilock Braking System (ABS) using Extremum Seeking Algorithm
(2022) Masresha Tirfe Habte
A safety anti-skid braking system known as an anti-lock braking system (ABS) is used on buses, trucks, cars, and motorcycles as well as on airplanes. Modern ABS systems attempt to maximize tire-generated braking forces by keeping the longitudinal slip ratio below a desirable level in addition to trying to prevent wheels from locking. Slip rate is the difference between actual and calculated vehicle speed affects the friction coefficient which varies depending on the road surface mainly used in control of slip. Conventionally, a great number of controllers have been built for ABS, but there is a limitation of maintaining the braking time
Design of Multivariable PID Control Scheme for Humidity and Temperature Control of Neonatal Incubator
(2022) Lamrot H/Michael
One among the most essential and delicate concerns in the world is preterm neonatal care. To cope with the external environment, a preterm baby requires an environment that is identical to that of the womb. Therefore, a neonatal incubator can be utilized to offer a comparable environment to neonates in the womb. The progress in neonatal incubator technology is utilized to prevent neonates’ mortality cases caused by infection and inadequate facility equipment management. In this thesis work, the overall system is designed using mathematical analysis. The neonate’s shape is modelled as a cylinder. The neonate is shown as a single lump with two layers: core and skin. The model includes every component of the neonatal incubator system, including the core, mattress, air circulation fan, heater, incubator walls, and humidification container
Design of Optimal FOPID Controller for Unstable Magnetic Levitation System Using PSO and ACO Techniques
(2022) Misganew Meshesha
The main goal of the proposed fractional order PID controller optimized by particle swarm and ant colony optimization algorithms is to control the ferromagnetic ball position to track the reference position signal by minimizing the integral time absolute error of the levitated object. In addition to this, the designed controller improves the response characteristics of the system like overshoot, rise time, settling time, peak response, and steady state error. To stabilize an unstable maglev system, the designed compensator parameters are determined by the Routh Hurwitz stability criterion. To improve the closed loop performance of the designed FOPID controller, the system controlled by the proposed PSO-FOPID controller results a minimized percentage overshoot, settling time, peak response, rise time and steady state error from (5.851% to 2.577%), (18.898ms to 4.034ms), (1.063cm to 1.023cm), (5.925sec to 816.434micro sec) and (0.0001 to 0) as compared to FOPID controller. Finally, for improved position control and stabilization of magnetic levitation system, ACO optimized FOPID controller is designed. Furthermore, a comparison between MATLAB\Simulink simulation results of the magnetic levitation system controlled by FOPID, PSO optimized FOPID and ACO optimized FOPID controllers are made to check the performance of the designed controllers for magnetic levitation system. The FOPID controller parameters are more optimized by ant colony optimization algorithm; magnetic levitation system has good performance when it is controlled by ACO optimized FOPID controller. An ant colony optimization based fractional order PID controller gives improved overshoot, peak response, and settling time from (2.577% to 0.223%), (1.023cm to 1.003cm), (4.034msec to 1.472msec) than PSO optimized fractional PID controller.
Design of Optimal multi-loop PI controller for Greenhouse climate control system using multi objective Evolutionary algorithm
(2022) Roza Mitiku
Greenhouses are increasingly essential for creating the optimal situation for cultivation. The benefits of greenhouse avoid the solar radiation, outside humidity, ventilation, outside temperature and other disturbances that affect greenhouse environments. So avoid directly to the greenhouse cultivation for planting in a moderate conditions that is very important for good cultivation, according to cost minimizations, high quality productions and health production rate in agricultural industry. The difficulty of the greenhouse climate control is the great uncertainties of the weather and greenhouse climate. Although many control approaches have been proposed to solve this problem, the structures of the controllers are usually complex, and the reliability of the controllers is usually not good in practice
Energy Efficiency Optimization Techniques For 5g Ultra Dense Wireless Networks Using Massive Mimo
(2026) Zinabu Negash
With the fast development of wireless communication systems, lowering energy utilization in these systems has resulted in an essential requirement for network operators. In the context of 5G wireless networks, the concept of energy efficiency (EE) has been recognized as an important performance measure. Optimizing the network design will result in considerable savings in terms of total power consumption, especially with the incorporation of massive MIMO (multiple input multiple output) technology.